Shielding effectiveness measurements and uncertainty estimation for textiles by a VNA-based free space transmission method

S.M. Patel; K. Patel; P.S. Negi; V.N. Ojha

doi:10.1051/ijmqe/2013042

All issues

Volume 4 / No 2 (2013)

Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng., 4 2 (2013) 109-115

References

Open Access

Issue		Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng. Volume 4, Number 2, 2013


Page(s)		109 - 115
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2013042
Published online		07 November 2013

C.R. Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility (Wiley Interscience, 2006) [Google Scholar]
M.A. Stuchly, Electromagnetic fields and health, IEEE Potentials 12, 34–39 (1993) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
R.W. Habash, Electromagnetic – the uncertain health risks, IEEE Potentials 22, 23–26 (2003) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
NIEHS Report on Health Effects from Exposure to Power-line Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields, National Institute of Health, NC 27709, NIEHS (1999) [Google Scholar]
Tadeusz W. Więckowski, Janukiewicz M. Jarosław, Methods for evaluating the shielding effectiveness of textiles, Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe 14, 18–22 (2006) [Google Scholar]
L.O. Hoeft, E.W. Tokarsky, Measured electromagnetic shielding characteristics of fabric made from Metal Clad Aramid Yarn and Wire, in Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium in EMC, Washington DC, USA, 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 883–886 [Google Scholar]
M.R. Anantharaman, S. Sindhu, S. Jagatheesan, K.A. Malini, P. Kurian, Dielectric properties of rubber ferrite composites containing mixed ferrites, J. Phys. D 32, 1801–1810 (1999) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Hongtao Guan, Shunhua Liu, Yuping Duan, Ji Cheng, Cement based eletromagnetic shielding and absorbing building materials, Cem. Conc. Comp. 28, 468–474 (2006) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
K.B. Cheng, S. Ramakrishna, K.C. Lee, Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of copper/glass fiber knitted fabric reinforced polypropylene composites, Composites: Part A 31, 1039–1045 (2000) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
J.D. Sudha, S. Sivakala, K. Patel, P. Radhakrishnan Nair, Development of electromagnetic shielding materials from the conductive blends of polystyrene polyaniline-clay nanocomposite, Composites: Part A 41, 1647–1652 (2010) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
V.K. Sachdev, K. Patel, S. Bhattacharya, R.P. Tandon, Electromagnetic interference shielding of graphite/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites, J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 120, 1100–1105 (2011) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
K. Bal, V.K. Kothari, Measurement of dielectric properties of textile materials and their applications, Indian J. Fibre Text. Res. 34, 191–199 (2009) [Google Scholar]
N.F. Colaneri, L.W. Shacklette, EMI shielding measurements of conductive polymer blends, IEEE Trans. Inst. Meas. 41, 291–297 (1992) [Google Scholar]
S.M. Shajedul Hasan, Madhan Sundaram, Yoon Kang, Mostofa K. Howlader, Measurement of dielectric properties of materials using the transmission/reflection method with material filled transmission line, in Proceedings of IMTC 2005 – Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Ottawa, Canada, 2005, pp. 17–19 [Google Scholar]
D.K. Ghodgaonkar, V.V. Varadan, V.K. Varadan, Free-space measurement of complex permittivity and complex permeability of magnetic materials at microwave frequencies, IEEE Trans. Inst. Meas. 39, 387–394 (1990) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
ASTM - D4935, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Planar Materials (1999) [Google Scholar]
ISO/IEC 17025: 2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (2005) [Google Scholar]
ISO/IEC Guide 98:1995, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM, 1995) [Google Scholar]
K. Patel, S.M. Patel, P.S. Negi, Performance of VNA based free-space method for the complete dielectric property characterization, Invertis J. Sci. Technol. 5, 33–39 (2012) [Google Scholar]
S.M. Patel, K. Patel, P.S. Negi, V.N. Ojha, Characterization of different types of materials for their shielding effectiveness, in Proceedings of National Conference on Emerging Technologies and Applications, Jaipur, India, 2010 [Google Scholar]
S. Brzeziński, T. Rybicki, G. Malinowska, I. Karbownik, E. Rybicki, Lech Szugajew, Effectiveness of Shielding Electromagnetic Radiation, and Assumptions for Designing the Multi-layer Structures of Textile Shielding Materials, Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe 17, 60–65 (2009) [Google Scholar]
I. Kazani, G. De Mey, C. Hertleer, J. Banaszczyk, A. Schwarz, G. Guxho, L. Van Langenhove, Van Der Pauw method for measuring resistivities of anisotropic layers printed on textile syubstrates, Text. Res. J. 81, 2117–2124 (2011) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
K. Patel, P.S. Negi, Estimation of Complex and Linear Uncertainties in S-Parameter Measurements for Metrology Applications, Int. J. Electromagn. Appl. 2, 85–104 (2012) [Google Scholar]

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[1] C.R. Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility (Wiley Interscience, 2006) [Google Scholar]

[2] M.A. Stuchly, Electromagnetic fields and health, IEEE Potentials 12, 34–39 (1993) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[3] R.W. Habash, Electromagnetic – the uncertain health risks, IEEE Potentials 22, 23–26 (2003) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[4] NIEHS Report on Health Effects from Exposure to Power-line Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields, National Institute of Health, NC 27709, NIEHS (1999) [Google Scholar]

[5] Tadeusz W. Więckowski, Janukiewicz M. Jarosław, Methods for evaluating the shielding effectiveness of textiles, Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe 14, 18–22 (2006) [Google Scholar]

[6] L.O. Hoeft, E.W. Tokarsky, Measured electromagnetic shielding characteristics of fabric made from Metal Clad Aramid Yarn and Wire, in Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium in EMC, Washington DC, USA, 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 883–886 [Google Scholar]

[7] M.R. Anantharaman, S. Sindhu, S. Jagatheesan, K.A. Malini, P. Kurian, Dielectric properties of rubber ferrite composites containing mixed ferrites, J. Phys. D 32, 1801–1810 (1999) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[8] Hongtao Guan, Shunhua Liu, Yuping Duan, Ji Cheng, Cement based eletromagnetic shielding and absorbing building materials, Cem. Conc. Comp. 28, 468–474 (2006) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[9] K.B. Cheng, S. Ramakrishna, K.C. Lee, Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of copper/glass fiber knitted fabric reinforced polypropylene composites, Composites: Part A 31, 1039–1045 (2000) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[10] J.D. Sudha, S. Sivakala, K. Patel, P. Radhakrishnan Nair, Development of electromagnetic shielding materials from the conductive blends of polystyrene polyaniline-clay nanocomposite, Composites: Part A 41, 1647–1652 (2010) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[11] V.K. Sachdev, K. Patel, S. Bhattacharya, R.P. Tandon, Electromagnetic interference shielding of graphite/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites, J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 120, 1100–1105 (2011) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[12] K. Bal, V.K. Kothari, Measurement of dielectric properties of textile materials and their applications, Indian J. Fibre Text. Res. 34, 191–199 (2009) [Google Scholar]

[13] N.F. Colaneri, L.W. Shacklette, EMI shielding measurements of conductive polymer blends, IEEE Trans. Inst. Meas. 41, 291–297 (1992) [Google Scholar]

[14] S.M. Shajedul Hasan, Madhan Sundaram, Yoon Kang, Mostofa K. Howlader, Measurement of dielectric properties of materials using the transmission/reflection method with material filled transmission line, in Proceedings of IMTC 2005 – Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Ottawa, Canada, 2005, pp. 17–19 [Google Scholar]

[15] D.K. Ghodgaonkar, V.V. Varadan, V.K. Varadan, Free-space measurement of complex permittivity and complex permeability of magnetic materials at microwave frequencies, IEEE Trans. Inst. Meas. 39, 387–394 (1990) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[16] ASTM - D4935, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Planar Materials (1999) [Google Scholar]

[17] ISO/IEC 17025: 2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (2005) [Google Scholar]

[18] ISO/IEC Guide 98:1995, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM, 1995) [Google Scholar]

[19] K. Patel, S.M. Patel, P.S. Negi, Performance of VNA based free-space method for the complete dielectric property characterization, Invertis J. Sci. Technol. 5, 33–39 (2012) [Google Scholar]

[20] S.M. Patel, K. Patel, P.S. Negi, V.N. Ojha, Characterization of different types of materials for their shielding effectiveness, in Proceedings of National Conference on Emerging Technologies and Applications, Jaipur, India, 2010 [Google Scholar]

[21] S. Brzeziński, T. Rybicki, G. Malinowska, I. Karbownik, E. Rybicki, Lech Szugajew, Effectiveness of Shielding Electromagnetic Radiation, and Assumptions for Designing the Multi-layer Structures of Textile Shielding Materials, Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe 17, 60–65 (2009) [Google Scholar]

[22] I. Kazani, G. De Mey, C. Hertleer, J. Banaszczyk, A. Schwarz, G. Guxho, L. Van Langenhove, Van Der Pauw method for measuring resistivities of anisotropic layers printed on textile syubstrates, Text. Res. J. 81, 2117–2124 (2011) [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[23] K. Patel, P.S. Negi, Estimation of Complex and Linear Uncertainties in S-Parameter Measurements for Metrology Applications, Int. J. Electromagn. Appl. 2, 85–104 (2012) [Google Scholar]